Name of the Experiment: Application of softening agent to cotton fabric by exhaust method.
1. Objective:
To learn about softening agent.
To learn about the process of finishing any fabric with a softening agent.
2. Theory:
The softener is a finishing agent that when applied to textile material improves its handle giving a pleasing touch. As a general rule, the softening agents applied are lubricating agents, which facilitate the fiber sliding within the fabric structure, thus granting easier deformation and creasing of the fabric.
3. Experimental Procedure:
Sample: 100% cotton knitted fabric.
Dyes & Chemicals:
Table 9.1: List of dyes and chemicals
Dyes & Chemicals
|
Function
|
Softening Agent
|
To improve hand feel of the fabric.
|
Equipment List:
o Beaker.
o Measuring Cylinder.
o Pipette.
o Pot.
o Digital Balance.
o Scissor.
o Tri-pod stand.
o Gas Burner.
o Thermometer.
o Dryer.
4.Working Procedure:
Table 9.2 : Recipe of Finishing
SL
|
Process Parameter
|
Unit
|
Dossing
|
Stock Solution
|
01
|
Softening Agent
|
g/L
|
2
|
2%
|
02
|
M:L
|
------
|
1:30
|
------
|
03
|
Temperature
|
°C
|
50
|
------
|
04
|
Sample Weight
|
gm
|
5
|
------
|
05
|
Time
|
min
|
15
|
-------
|
Calculation:
Total Liquor : Material Weight X L { M:L }
= 5gm X 30
= 150 mL
Softening Agent : = (150 X 2)/(2% X 1000) mL
= 15mL
Initial Water : = Total Liquor - (chemicals)
= 150-15 mL
= 135 mL
Process Flow Chart:
100% cotton knitted fabric collected.
↓
Finishing with a softening agent at 50°C for 15 minutes.
↓
Rinsing.
↓
Drying.
Figure 9.1 : Process Flow Chart
Figure 9.2 : Process curve of softening finishing.
Process Description:
At first we need to collect 100% cotton knit fabric, then we have to treatment the sample with softening agent at 50°C for 15 minutes. Then we dry the sample for assessment.
Precautions:
o Taking chemicals as per recipe provided by the Instructor.
o Taking every weight of chemicals carefully.
5. Result & Discussion:
Sample Attachment:
Result & Discussion: We observe here the cotton knitted sample well finished with softening agent.
6. Conclusion & Comments: By doing this experiment we have learned about finishing process of any fabric by softener.
