Name of the Experiments: Dyeing of PC blended fabric with disperse and reactive dye (Cross effect).
1. Objective:
To learn about dyeing of blended fabric.
To learn about factors achieving to cross effect in case of blended fabric dyeing.
2. Theory:
In case of PC blended dyeing in a lab, the two bath process is more suitable to achieve optimum shade. In this experiment, the objective is to achieve a cross effect on fabric, which means to different fibers dye with different dyes and both shades should like a different color. So we have to achieve the multi color of fabric with noticing the difference between different fibers.
3. Experimental Procedure:
Sample: Pre-treated PC blended knit fabric.
Dyes & Chemicals:
Table 5.1: List of dyes and chemicals
Dyes & Chemicals
|
Function
|
Disperse dye
|
To dye polyester part of the blended.
|
Dispersing agent
|
It assists in the process of particle size reduction of dye.
|
Acetic acid
|
Control pH of disperse dye bath.
|
Carrier
|
Use to transport dye molecule to fabric surface.
|
Reactive dye
|
To dye cotton part of the blended.
|
Levelling agent
|
Use to reduce the surface tension of water.
|
Glauber salt
|
Use as electrolyte.
|
Soda ash
|
Control pH of reactive dye bath.
|
Equipment List:
o Beaker.
o Measuring Cylinder.
o Pipette.
o Pot.
o Digital Balance.
o Scissor.
o Tri-pod stand.
o Gas Burner.
o Thermometer.
4.Working Procedure:
Table 5.2 : Recipe of Disperse dyeing
SL
|
Process Parameter
|
Unit
|
Dossing
|
Stock Solution
|
01
|
Disperse Dye (Blue)
|
%
|
2
|
1%
|
02
|
Dispersing Agent
|
g/L
|
1
|
1%
|
03
|
Acetic Acid
|
g/L
|
1
|
1%
|
04
|
Carrier
|
g/L
|
2
|
1%
|
05
|
Sample Weight
|
gm
|
5
|
------
|
06
|
M:L
|
------
|
1:40
|
------
|
07
|
Temperature
|
°C
|
100
|
------
|
08
|
Time
|
min
|
20
|
-------
|
Calculation:
Total Liquor: Material Weight X L { M:L }
= 5gm X 40
= 200 mL
Disperse Dye: = (5 X 2%)/(1%) mL
= 10 mL
Dispersing Agent : = (200 X 1)/(1% X 1000) mL
= 20mL
Acetic Acid : = (200 X 1)/(1% X 1000) mL
= 20mL
Carrier: = (200 X 2)/(1% X 1000) mL
= 40mL
Initial Water : = Total Liquor - (chemicals)
= 200 - (10+20+20+40)mL
= 200-90 mL
= 110mL
Table 5.3 : Recipe of Reactive dyeing
SL
|
Process Parameter
|
Unit
|
Dossing
|
Stock Solution
|
01
|
Reactive Dye (Red)
|
%
|
2
|
1%
|
02
|
Levelling Agent
|
g/L
|
1
|
1%
|
03
|
Glauber Salt
|
g/L
|
40
|
20%
|
04
|
Soda Ash
|
g/L
|
10
|
5%
|
05
|
Sample Weight
|
gm
|
5
|
------
|
06
|
M:L
|
------
|
1:40
|
------
|
07
|
Temperature
|
°C
|
60
|
------
|
08
|
Time
|
min
|
20
|
-------
|
Calculation:
Total Liquor: Material Weight X L { M:L }
= 5gm X 40
= 200 mL
Reactive Dye: = (5 X 2%)/(1%) mL
= 10 mL
Levelling Agent : = (200 X 1)/(1% X 1000) mL
= 20mL
Glauber Salt : = (200 X 40)/(15% X 1000) mL
= 40mL
Soda Ash: = (200 X 10)/(5% X 1000) mL
= 40mL
Initial Water : = Total Liquor - (chemicals)
= 200 - (10+20+40+40)mL
= 200-110 mL
= 90mL
Process Flow Chart:
Collection of PC blended pre-treated fabric.
↓
Dyeing of polyester part of the fabric by disperse dye.
↓
Dyeing of cotton part of the fabric with reactive dye.
↓
After treatment.
Figure 5.1 : Process Flow Chart
Figure 5.2: Process curve of disperse dyeing
Figure 5.3: Process curve of reactive dyeing
Process Description:
At first, we need to collect PC blended pre-treated fabric. Then we first dye the polyester part of the fabric with disperse dye here we used carrier method so 100°C is enough for dyeing polyester part. Then we dye the cotton part of the fabric with reactive dye here the temperature we used 60°C then some hot wash and cold rinsing is done to remove excessive dye molecule from the fabric surface.
Precautions:
o Taking chemicals as per recipe provided by the Instructor.
o Taking every weight of chemicals carefully.
o Observe the shade carefully to achieve cross effect.
5. Result & Discussion:
Sample Attachment:
Discussion: Here we observed the fabric absorbed dyes very well and we are not able to achieve our desired cross effect in case of both type of fibre.
6. Conclusion & Comments: By doing this experiment we have learned about the dyeing of PC blended fabric with respectively by reactive and disperse dyes. Here we not able to achieve our desired cross effect, further we have to modify our recipe to achieve our desired cross effect.
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