Experiment No : 01
Experiment Name:
Bio-polishing of 100% cotton knitted fabric with cellulase Enzyme.
Theory:
Bio-polishing is a process that enhances fabric quality by decreasing the pilling tendency and fuzziness of cotton fabrics. This finishing process applied to both cotton fabrics or garments that produces permanent effect by the use of Enzymes. This process removes protruding fibres and slubs from cotton fabrics significantly reduces pilling, softens fabric and provide a smooth fabric appearance.
Name of sample :
100% Cotton knitted gray fabric.
Apparatus required:
i) Beakers.
ii) Glass Rod.
iii) Pipette.
iv)Measuring Cylinder.
v) pH meter.
vi) Tri-pod Stand.
vii) Gas Burner.
viii) Thermometer.
ix) Pot.
Process Sequence:
Collection of 100% cotton knotted fabric
Bio Polishing of 100% cotton fabric at 50oC for 15 minutes
Rising temperature to 80oC for 3 minutes
cold rinsing
hot wash
cold rinsing
drying
Recipe of bio-polishing:
Cellulase Enzyme:- 1% (Stock Solution 1%)
Wetting agent :- 1g/L (Stock Solution 1%)
Acetic acid :- 0.8 g/L (Stock Solution 1%)
Fabric weight :- 5gm
M:L :- 1:30
Temperature :- 40-50 oC
pH :- 4.5 - 5.5
Time :- 15 minute
Calculation:
Total Liquor required
Fabric Weight = 5gm
M: L = 1:30
Required amount of liquor = 5 X 30
= 150mL
Enzyme required: 1%
= (5X1%) / 1%
= 5mL
Wetting agent : 1g/L
= (150 X 1g/L) / (1% x 1000)
= 15ml
Acetic Acid : 0.8g/L
= (150 X 0.8g/L) / (1% X 1000)
= 12mL
Initial Water required = Total liquor - Chemicals
= 150 - (12+15+5)
= 150-32 mL
= 118mL
Functions of Chemicals:
Wetting Agent:
wetting agent is substances that reduce the surface tension of water to allow it to spread drops onto a surface, increasing the spreading abilities of a liquid. Lowering the surface tension lowers the energy required to spread drops onto a film.
Acetic Acid:
Acetic acid used for maintain pH 4.5-5.5. Because the cellulase Enzyme works in acidic medium.
Cellulase Enzyme: The hydrolysis action of the enzyme wreakers the protruding fibers, when small physical abrasion force is sufficient to break and remove them.
Process Curve:
Sample attachment and observation:
Comments:
I have notice here the effect of bio-polishing where the treated fabric is less hairy, more soft and clean then other one.
Pre-cautions:
- All chemicals measure are taken properly.
- Temperature maintain properly.
- Burner used very carefully.
- Time maintain according to recipe.
Conclusion: ...
