What are enzymes?
• Efficient biological catalysts
• Produced by all living organisms
• Proteins with three-dimensional structure
Why use enzymes?
• Target specific substrates
• Accelerate reactions
• Work under mild conditions
• Replace harsh chemicals
• Are easy to use and safe
• Are biodegradable
How are enzymes produced?
• Enzymes are produced by fermentation of microorganisms
• The raw materials are renewable resources such as potato starch, soya bean meal, salt and sugars
• Waste products can be used as fertilizer
ENZYMES
• Enzymes are bio-chemical substances that behave as catalysts toward specific reactions. What makes very interesting the enzymes under a chemical point of view is their high specificity or in other words, their ability to attack selectively a given substrate.
• Among the two traditional enzymes used in the treatments of denim garments (amylase to hydrolyze starches and cellulase to degrade cotton's cellulose) there is another enzyme that can be employed to attack selectively the molecule that constitutes the blue indigo color resulting ineffective on other kind of dyes.
• The action of enzyme during enzyme wash is to hydrolyse the cellulose, at first it attacks the having projecting fiber and hydrolyzed them. Then it attacks the yarn portion inside fabric and partly hydrolyzed the yarn portion and faded effect is produced.
• Mainly two types of enzyme are used in Bangladesh. One is Acid Enzyme (liquid) and another is Neutral Enzyme. Neutral Enzyme is two types a) Powder form b) Liquid form.
FEATURES OF ACID ENZYME:
• Acid enzyme colour is slightly brown
• pH range is 4.5 to 5.5
• working Temperature is 40°c to 55°c
• Time required is 25 min to 50 min
• Enzyme effect comes within short time
• Staining/Bleeding occurs more in garments
• Production is high
FEATURES OF NEUTRAL ENZYME:
• POWDER ENZYME
• Enzyme is slightly white powder form
• pH range is 6 to 7
• Working Temperature is 40°c to 60°c
• Time required is 40 to 70 min
• Enzyme effects come slowly.
• Less staining/bleeding on garments
• With pumic stone, it produces good effect/abrasion on garments
• In dark shade, effect of enzyme is good
SL ENZYME:
• SL enzyme is liquid form
• pH range is 6 to 7.
• Working Temperature range is 40°c to 60°c
• Time required is 45 to 80 min
• Enzyme effect comes slowly
• Less staining/bleeding on garments
• With pumic stone, it produces good effect
• In dark shade, effect of enzyme is good
Enzymes in the textiles industry
Enzymes:
• Textile Enzymes called "Aurum"
• Enzymes (Greek for "in the cell" formerly also called ferments) are biologically the most important group of proteins.
• Enzymes are found in all living organisms - in microbes, plants and animals and of course also in human bodies; however, enzyme molecules are not living things themselves.
• They are biocatalysts which enable metabolic processes in the cells.
• Enzymes decrease the so-called activation energy for chemical reactions - the minimum energy required to enable a reaction to take place at all.
• They may speed up reactions by a factor of several millions.
• Generally, enzyme designates a compound being transformed in the reaction that is catalyzed, e.g., xylanase, cellulase, pectinase.
• Enzymes are highly specific and will only react with a small number, sometimes only one, substance - ("substrate specificity").
• A living organism therefore needs up to 10,000 different enzymes to function smoothly.
• More than 5000 have been scientifically described.
• Enzymes operate at mild conditions (temperature, pH, pressure) and without the need of harsh chemicals, and because of their specificity without generating harmful side-products.
• As natural proteins, enzymes are fully biodegradable.
• Enzymes are coded by genes within living cells and they consist of chains of 20 different amino acids.
Denim Stone-washing and Bio-polishing
• Specially CELLULASES are used for denim wash in order to match special requirements of this widely used fabric and its processes.
• Cellulase enzymes offer cost-effectiveness and value for denim finishing.
• Cellulases usually contain different cellulase activities in unique combinations, which make these enzymes powerful in creating a rich variety of effects on denim meeting the ever-changing needs of fashion.
Use of different Enzymes
For pretreatment
Aurum Conc
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Low foaming Non Ionic Wetting Agent
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Aurum MA
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Mercerizing Agent
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Aurum SPL
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Wash off agent for fabric and yarn
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Aurum Stain
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Stain extracting agent for polyester and their blends
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Aurum LF
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Low foam scouring agent in all machines
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For dyeing
Aurum DFT
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Leveling and stripping agent for Disperse Dyes
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Aurum DF
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Cationic Dye fixing agent
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Aurum FF
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Non formaldehyde Dye fixing agent
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Aurum
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Stain extracting agent for polyester and their blends
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Aurum LF
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Synthetic thickener aqueous pigment System
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For Garments Washing
Aurum PC
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· Anti back staining agent or Pocket clear for enzyme washing
· Bio-polishing and stone washing Enzymes · Desizer Enzyme · Hydrogen Peroxide killer Enzyme · Scouring Enzyme |
